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Facts & Figures
Map of Cameroon
Map of Cameroon

Republic of Cameroon
President: Paul Biya (1982)
Prime Minister: phelomon yang (2010)
Land area: 181,251 sq mi (469,440 sq km); total area: 183,567 sq mi (475,440 sq km)

Population (2012 est.): 20,129,878 (growth rate: 2.08%); birth rate: 32.49/1000; infant mortality rate: 59.7/1000; life expectancy: 54.71; density per sq km: 39
Capital (2009): Yaoundé, 1,739,000
Largest city: Douala, 2,053,000
Monetary unit: CFA Franc
Flag of Cameroon
Index
Cameroon Becomes an Independent Republic
Republic of Cameroon
Geography

Cameroon is a Central African nation on the Gulf of Guinea, bordered by Nigeria, Chad, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. It is nearly twice the size of Oregon. Mount Cameroon (13,350 ft; 4,069 m), near the coast, is the highest elevation in the country. The main rivers are the Benue, Nyong, and Sanaga.
Government
After a 1972 plebiscite, a unitary republic was formed out of East and West Cameroon to replace the former federal republic.
History
Bantu speakers were among the first groups to settle Cameroon, followed by the Muslim Fulani in the 18th and 19th centuries. The land escaped colonial rule until 1884, when treaties with tribal chiefs brought the area under German domination. After World War I, the League of Nations gave the French a mandate over 80% of the area, and the British 20% adjacent to Nigeria. After World War II, when the country came under a UN trusteeship in 1946, self-government was granted, and the Cameroon People’s Union emerged as the dominant party by campaigning for reunification of French and British Cameroon and for independence. Accused of being under Communist control, the party waged a campaign of revolutionary terror from 1955 to 1958, when it was crushed. In British Cameroon, unification was also promoted by the leading party, the Kamerun National Democratic Party, led by John Foncha.